Shenzhen Bao’an International Airport ‘s new Terminal 3, finished in, designed by Italian architect Massimiliano Fuksas, with parametric design support by the engineering firm Knippers Helbig, is an example for the use of parametric design and production technologies in a large scale building. His blob and fold architecture is some of the early examples of computer generated architecture. One of the first architects and theorists that used computers to generate architecture was Greg Lynn. In the s architects and designers started using computers running software developed for the aerospace and moving picture industries to “animate form”. Nature has often served as inspiration for architects and designers. The German architect Frei Otto also experimented with non-digital parametric processes, using soap bubbles to find optimal shapes of tensegrity structures such as in the Munich Olympic Stadium, designed for the Summer Olympics in Munich. Instead of having to manually calculate the results of parametric equations he could automatically derive the shape of the catenary curves through the force of gravity acting on the strings. He placed a mirror on the bottom of the model to see how it would look once built right-side-up. By adjusting the position of the weights or the length of the strings he could alter the shape of each arch and also see how this change influenced the arches connected to it. One of the earliest examples of parametric design was the upside down model of churches by Antonio Gaudi. Form-finding optimizes certain design goals against a set of design constraints, meaning the final form of the designed object is “found” based on these constraints. So called “form-finding” processes are implemented through propagation-based systems. He attached weights onto a system of strings to determine shapes for building features, such as arches. While today the term refers to the use of computer algorithms in design, there are precedents in the work of architects. In this method, parameters and rules determine the relationship between design intent and design response. Parametric design is a design method where features such as building elements and engineering components are shaped according to algorithmic processes, in contrast to being designed directly.
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